![]() The direct translation of the term Nurruvar Kannar is "the hundred Karnas" or "Satakarni" Nurruvar Kannar has therefore been identified with the Satavahana dynasty. The Tamil epic Cilappatikaram mentions a "Nurruvar Kannar", who helped Chera king Senguttuvan during his Himalayan campaign. It does not appear in the dynasty's own records. The term "Andhra" may refer to the ethnicity or territory of the dynasty (see Original homeland below). The Puranas use the name "Andhra" for the Satavahanas. ![]() Damodar Dharmanand Kosambi theorised that the word "Satakarni" is derived from the Munda words sada ("horse") and kon ("son"). Satavahana, Satakarni, Satakani and Shalivahana appear to be variations of the same word. Several rulers of the dynasty bear the name or title "Satakarni". Yet another theory derives their name from the Munda words Sadam ("horse") and Harpan ("son"), implying "son of the performer of a horse sacrifice". Īnother theory connects their name to the earlier Satiyaputa dynasty. According to Inguva Kartikeya Sarma, the dynasty's name is derived from the words sata ("sharpened", "nimble" or "swift") and vahana ("vehicle") the expression thus means "one who rides a nimble horse". This would indicate that the Satavahanas originally claimed association with the legendary solar dynasty, as was common in ancient India. Īccording to one theory, the word "Satavahana" ( Brahmi script: □□□□□□□ Sādavāhana or □□□□□□□ Sātavāhana, IAST: Sātavāhana) is a Prakrit form of the Sanskrit Sapta-Vahana ("driven by seven" in Hindu mythology, the chariot of the sun god is drawn by seven horses). Śātavāhana, Śālivāhana, Śātakarṇi seem to be Sanskritised versions of the indigenous name Sātakaṇi, which appear as Sālavāhaṇa in Prakrit vernacular. Etymology Early coin of Satakarni I (70-60 BCE). Some of these debates have happened in the context of regionalism, with the present-day Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Telangana being variously claimed as the original homeland of the Satavahanas. The date and place of origin of the Satavahanas, as well as the meaning of the dynasty's name, are a matter of debate among historians. They formed a cultural bridge and played a vital role in trade and the transfer of ideas and culture to and from the Indo-Gangetic Plain to the southern tip of India. The Satavahanas were early issuers of Indian state coinage struck with images of their rulers. The kingdom had fragmented into smaller states by the early 3rd century CE. The dynasty reached its zenith under the rule of Gautamiputra Satakarni and his successor Vasisthiputra Pulamavi. In particular their struggles with the Saka ( Western Satraps) went on for a long time. In the post- Maurya era, the Satavahanas established peace in the Deccan region and resisted the onslaught of foreign invaders. The origin of the dynasty is uncertain, but according to the Puranas, their first king overthrew the Kanva dynasty. The dynasty had different capital cities at different times, including Pratishthana (Paithan) and Amaravati ( Dharanikota). At different times, their rule extended to parts of modern Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Karnataka. The Satavahana kingdom mainly comprised the present-day Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Maharashtra. Most modern scholars believe that the Satavahana rule began in the late second century BCE and lasted until the early third century CE, although some assign the beginning of their rule to as early as the 3rd century BCE based on the Puranas, but uncorroborated by archaeological evidence. The Satavahanas ( / ˌ s ɑː t ə ˈ v ɑː h ə n ə/ Sādavāhana or Sātavāhana, IAST: Sātavāhana), also referred to as the Andhras (also Andhra-bhṛtyas or Andhra-jatiyas) in the Puranas, were an ancient Indian dynasty based in the Deccan region.
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